Signs, symptoms and treatment of infertility

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In the United States alone, infertility accounts for 100% of 15% of couples. Infertility is defines as not being able to conceive after one year of having frequent and unprotected sex. This article discuss the symptoms and treatment of male and female infertility. Infertility may be an issue with either of the couple or a combination of factors that can prevent pregnancy. Fortunately, there are many therapies or treatments that can solve the issues or significantly improve your chances of getting pregnant.

SIGNS OF INFERTILITY

We are going to discuss this topic taking each sex independently.

SYMPTOMS OF FEMALE INFERTILITY

It is advisable to Conduct fertility test to ascertain. What the problem may be. During this female infertility test, the doctor may find out the underlying problem which may include but not limited to the following signs;

• Not being able to get pregnant
• Irregular or absent menstrual cycle
• Menstrual cycle that is too long (35 days or more)
• Menstrual cycle that is too short (21 days or less)
• Irregular period
• No period at all
• Painful or heavy periods
• Hormone fluctuations – reduced sex drive, skin problems, thinning hair etc
• Pain during sex

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This are some of the symptoms that may occur in a woman that is infertile. Lets discuss what to do or the right time to see a doctor.

WHEN TO SEE A DOCTOR

If you are a woman facing infertility issues, then  you must see a doctor, especially when you meet the conditions below;

• 35 years or older and have been trying to get pregnant for over 6 months
• You are age 40
• You have irregular or no periods
• Have undergone cancer treatment
• You have multiple miscarriage
• You have pelvic inflammatory diseases
• You have known infertility problems

SYMPTOMS OF MALE INFERTILITY

Symptoms of male infertility include the following;

• Inability to smell
• Stubborn respiratory infection
• Abnormal breast growth
• Pain or lump in the testicle area
• Ejaculating small volumes of fluid
• Difficulty ejaculating
• Reduced sexual desire
• Difficulty in maintaining an erection
• A low sperm count

WHEN SHOULD A MAN SEE A DOCTOR

A man should see a doctor when he meets the following conditions;

• When he has prostate problems
• A pain or discomfort in the testicle
• Erectile dysfunction
• Low sex drive
• A surgery around the testicle or penis

CAUSES OF INFERTILITY

Let’s start with the causes of male infertility

Male infertility causes can be divided into 3 groups – Environmental, Medical and Lifestyle.

The Environmental Causes Includes Some industrial chemicals like Extended exposure to Benzenes, Toluene, Xylene, Pesticides, Herbicides, Painting materials and many more.

Exposure to heavy metal and radiation, overheating the testicles and sitting for long are all common environmental causes of male infertility.

Lifestyle causes include Tobacco use, alcohol, drugs use, depression, emotional stress and obesity.

Medical causes includes previous surgeries in the testicle area, chemotherapy, testosterone replacement therapy, celiac disease, erectile dysfunction, chromosome defects like klinefelter’s syndrome, Hormone imbalances and defects of tubules that transport sperm.

Others include antibodies that attack sperm, tumors, ejaculation issues, infection and varicocele.

The causes of female infertility includes damages to the fallopian tube, fallopian tube blockage, anovulation, ovulation problems, problems with the cervix and age factors.

In men, causes of Infertility are preventable the strategies listed below can help you;

• Avoid drug use
• Avoid high temperatures
• Avoid chemicals listed above
• Avoid tobacco and alcohol
• Exercise moderately

In women, they can prevent Infertility by quitting smoking, alcohol and drugs use, limit caffeine, avoid weight extremes and exercise moderately.

INFERTILITY TESTS

In men, fertility tests will include a general physical exam and specific fertility tests that may include semen analysis, hormone testing, genetic testing, testicular biopsy, imaging and DNA abnormalities test

Female infertility tests would include Ovulation testing, hysterosalpingography, Ovarian reserve testing, imaging and other hormone testing. Other tests may  include laparoscopy and Hysteroscopy.

TREATMENT OF FERTILITY TESTS

Treatment for men include the doctor asking for a change in lifestyle, taking medications that boost sperm count, surgery and sperm retrieval.

In women, the doctor may stimulate ovulation with ovulation stimulating drugs, intra-uterine insemination, surgery and artificial insemination.

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